Thus, on a turn a player may move a single counter to a neighboring square, perform a jump, or perform a series of any number of jumps with the same counter, but no combination of the said moves are allowed in a single turn. Double or multiple jumps in one move are permitted and direction may be changed after each jump. There are no captures in Halma and a jumped counter remains on the board. After determining which player goes first (a considerable advantage), alternate turns entail a move of a single counter in any direction (diagonally or orthogonally) to a necessarily vacant neighboring square or an orthogonal or diagonal jump over a neighboring counter of any color to a necessarily vacant cell immediately beyond in a straight line in any direction. The game commences with the counters positioned as above. In such a game, play may continue after one player wins to determine rank. Alternately, four players may play without making teams. Using such a configuration, a team wins when all of its counters have traded sides before the counters of the opposing team do the same. If there are four players they may make teams of two players each with partners at opposite corners. The objective of the game is to occupy all of the positions of the camp directly opposite the initial camp with your counters. Halma and the very similar Chinese Checkers seem to have been invented right around the same time. Parlett (1) attributes its invention to Howard Monks, an English surgeon, in 1883. The game was invented in England in the 1880’s. Nineteen each of black and white counters are required for play for two players and thirteen each of four different colored counters are required for four. These markings and the checkering, however, are non-essential for play and a simple 16x16 square grid will suffice. This rule prevents the players to block own yard and avoid the opponent to move his/her pieces there.Halma Opening Positions for Two and Four PlayersĪ Halma board is typically a 16x16 checkerboard with a few areas at the corners highlighted to distinguish them as camps, where the counters are placed at the start and finish of the game. The player also loses the game if he/she moves one of his/her pieces back to own yard after the 30th (50th) move. One of the players still has some own pieces at his/her yard and made more than 30 (for 8x8 version) or 50 (for 10x10 version) moves.One of the players moved all his/her pieces to the opponent's yard.The game is finished if one of the following conditions in fulfilled: In Halma, the jumped pieces are not removed from the board, all pieces stay on the board till the end of the game. Since the piece jumping is not mandatory, the player can decide to stop jumping anytime during the multiple jump by clicking on one of the submit buttons (to finish the move like for other game types). If the current position enables it, it is allowed to make a multiple jump, see the next picture before and after the jump (the white piece jumped over one white and two black pieces): The following picture shows an example of a white piece jump: The piece can only jump over a piece which is directly followed by an empty square where the jumping piece will land. The jumping is not mandatory (unlike in checkers) and, similar to a piece movement, it is possible in all directions. Pieces can also jump over both own and opponent's pieces. The following picture shows an example of a white piece movement: Pieces can move one space in any direction if the target field is empty. The player who makes this task first, wins.Įach player can move one piece per move. The object of the game is to move all own pieces to the opponent's yard. At the start position the pieces of both players occupy their yards: The rules are the same for both 8x8 and 10x10 versions (except one small detail about a number of moves to remove all own pieces out of own yard - will be described below). The original version is played on 16x16 board, supports smaller boards 8x8 and 10x10 because of display limitations. Halma was created in Great Britain during about 1880 and became popular worldwide very quickly.
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